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ABOUT CROATIA
Croatia is the beautiful, boomerang shaped country
with the thousand islands, magnificent natural
treasures, rich culture and traditions, located
in southern Europe.
Every nation loves their country and calls it
the most beautiful. Croatians, however, actually
call their state "Our Beautiful" ("Lijepa
naša"), which is also the title of the
national anthem.
Croatia has created a unique spirit, and today
is a full participant in European culture and
science.
Croatians are known to be a hospitable nation,
it's sea deep blue and clean, the prices are fair,
the villages picturesque, which all adds up to
a very pleasant holiday destination. The unforgettable
national parks, many sunny days, the fine local
foods and drinks in combination with the parties,
make it worthwhile to visit Croatia for a holiday.
Croatia is a modern country with a combination
of a soft continental climate and a Mediterranean
climate.
GENERAL INFORMATION
ABOUT CROATIA
 Geographical
position: Croatia is situated more or less
in the heart of Europe. Croatia stretches from
the foot of the Alps in the northwest and Pannonian
Plain in the east, over the mountain range of
Dinara in its central region, to the Adriatic
coast in the south. Croatia has a strange shape,
which comes as a result of five centuries of expansion
by the Ottoman (Turkish) empire towards Central
Europe (although Croatia was never conquered by
the Turks).
Surface area:
Croatia has 56.542 km2, with an additional 31.067
km2 of territorial waters
Population:
Croatia has 4.784.265 inhabitants. Over 90%
of the population is Croat (the majority of whom
are Roman Catholics), but there are also Serbian,
Bosnian, Hungarian and Italian minorities.
Climate:
The Adriatic Coast has a typical Mediterranean
climate with hot dry summers and mild winters.
It is one of the sunniest and warmest coasts in
Europe with an average of 2.600 hours of sunshine
per year and an average summer temperature of
27C.The inland part has a typical continental
climate with warm summers and rainy and snowy
winters.
Number of islands,
islets and reefs: 1.185 of which 67 inhabited;
the largest islands are those of Krk and Cres.
Capital:
Zagreb, the administrative, cultural, academic
and communication centre of Croatia; population:
960.000 inhabitants
Religions:
Predominantly Roman Catholic
Official language
and alphabet: Croatian language and Latin
alphabet.
Political system:
Parliamentary Democracy
 National
holidays:
January 1st - New Year's Day
January 6th - Epiphany
Easter Monday
May 1st - May Day
Corpus Christi - movable observance
June 22nd - Day of the Anti-Fascist Struggle
June 25th - Statehood Day
August 5th - Homeland Gratitude Day
August 15th - Assumption
October 8th - Independence Day
November 1st - All Saints' Day
December 25-26 - Christmas Holidays
Monetary unit:
Croatian Kuna (Kn). Banknotes come in denominations
of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 and coins
in Kn 1, 2, 5 & 25 and 10, 20 and 50 lipa
(1 Kuna= 100 lipas). Foreign currencies can be
exchanged in banks, exchange offices, post offices
and most tourist agencies, hotels and camping
grounds. Euro cheques can be exchanged in banks.
Banking hours are 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. from Monday
to Friday. On Saturdays banks are open until 1
p.m. In the larger cities some banks are also
open on Sundays.
Currency: Foreign
currency can be changed in the Banks, Exchange
Offices, Post Offices, Tourist agencies and Hotels,
according to the current exchange rate.
Credit cards:
Most hotels, restaurants and shops accept credit
cards (American Express, Diners Club, Euro card
/ MasterCard and Visa).
Electricity:
220V, 50 Hz
Water:
Tap water is drinkable throughout Croatia
The telephone
code for Croatia: +385
Cellular phone
range: Communication by mobile phones is possible
throughout Croatia.
Time zone:
GMT plus one hour (in summer two hours)
Shopping: Excellent
buys include leather articles, local handmade
lace ware and embroidery, ceramics, herb brandies,
etc. Opening hours: department stores and groceries
are open continuously 7:30 a.m. to 8 p.m. , while
some shops and groceries close for lunch. On Saturdays
most shops are open from 7:30 a.m. to 2 p.m. In
tourist destinations, in high season, most shops
stay open longer, including Saturdays and Sundays.
Duty-free shops are located at the airports.
Working hours:
Shops and department stores are open between 8
a.m. and 8 p.m., and on Saturdays from 8 a.m.
to 2 p.m. or 3 p.m. A smaller number of stores
close between noon and 4 p.m. Many stores are
open on Sundays too, especially in the summer,
and a smaller number in the larger cities are
open 24 hours a day. Public services and companies
usually work from 8,30 a.m. to 4,30 p.m. from
Monday to Friday.
Tax return
for foreign citizens: Tourists making purchases
in Croatia (apart from petroleum derivatives),
which exceed 500 Kuna per bill, may reclaim VAT
('PDV'). When purchasing, ask the salesperson
for form PDV-P, which they should then fill out
and stamp. On leaving Croatia the receipt has
to be verified by the Croatian Customs Service.
A PDV refund in Kuna can be obtained within six
months either at the same shop where the goods
were purchased (in this case the tax is refunded
immediately), or by posting the verified receipt
back to the shop together with the account number
into which the refund should be paid. In this
case the refund is dealt with within 15 days of
receipt of the claim.
Pets can
enter the country if they have a vaccination record
and veterinary certificate. The record must not
be older than one year.
Medical services:
Medical care for foreigners can be provided at
hospitals and clinics in all major cities in Croatia.
Croatia is a member of Europe Assistance medical
services system. Foreign tourists do not pay for
emergency health services if Croatia and the tourist's
country of origin have a health care agreement.
If not, the tourist must pay for health care costs
immediately. Hospitals and clinics are located
in all major centres, while doctor's offices and
pharmacies can be found in smaller tourist destinations.
Postal services:
Post offices are open from 7 a.m. to 8 p.m. non-stop.
Saturdays from 7 a.m. to 1 p.m. For international
calls, besides using hotel and post office services,
phone cards (for sale in all post offices) are
used in all public phone booths. Postage stamps
are sold at post offices, hotel receptions and
newspaper and tobacco stands. TNT and DHL air-express
carrier's services are also available.
Culture: In
Croatia is 4 opera houses, 29 theatres, 151 museums
and galleries and 147 cinemas. The theatres are
generally closed at summer, although a number
of them hold series of summer performances both
in Zagreb and on the coast.
Cultural and
historical monuments: There are numerous cultural
and historical monuments of great significance
in Croatia, such as the ancient amphitheatre in
Pula, the palace of the Emperor Diocletian in
Split (a UNESCO world heritage site), the Romanesque
cities of Krk, Rab, Pag, Korcula and Trogir, elegant
Dubrovnik, a 13th century city with excellently
preserved Renaissance towers and walls, which
is also under UNESCO protection, one of Europe's
first public theatres in Hvar, the basilica of
Euphrasy's' in Porec, the pre Romanesque church
of St. Donat in Zadar, Šibenik cathedral,
and many others.
Major cultural
events
Zagreb Summer Festival (1 Jul - 15 August)
International Folk Dance Festival, Zagreb (19
- 23 July)
International Children's Festival in Šibenik
(24 June 8 July)
Dubrovnik Summer Festival (10 July - 25 August)
Ðakovo Embroidery (30 June to 2 July)
Split summer (July, August)
Music Evenings in St. Donat, Zadar (4 July - 6
August)
Music Evenings in Osor (8 July - 26 August)
Sinjska Alka (6 August)
Istrian Cultural Summer (during the season)
Vinkovci Autumn (22 - 24 September)
Varaždin Baroque Evenings (24 September -
8 October)
Entertainment:
Most better quality hotels have nightclubs and
the major tourist resorts have discos. There are
dancing evenings on the terraces during the summer
time, along with other entertainment and cultural
events.
Gambling casinos:
There are 15 casinos in Croatia, 6 of them
in Zagreb and other in the following towns: Buje,
Novigrad, Porec, Umag, Opatija, Cavtat, Split,
Hvar, Makarska
Souvenirs:
Folk and artistic ceramics and numerous homemade
souvenirs.
TOURISM IN CROATIA
 The
modern tourist development of Croatia began with
the arrival in the 19th century of Czechs, Austrians
and Hungarians who immediately recognised the
quality of the Adriatic coast, which encompasses
Istria, the Croatian Riviera and Dalmatia.
The exceptionally
beautiful and varied landscape, the crystal clear
waters, the untouched nature, the pebbly and sandy
coves and beaches, over 350 species of fish, crabs
and shellfish, and the Mediterranean flora make
it irresistible.
The warm currents,
which come from the Mediterranean and pass up
the Croatian Adriatic coast, provide the basis
for a pleasant climate and vacation throughout
the year. The sea temperature in summer is about
25 °C. The warm weather in the region is exceptional,
especially in Dalmatia. For example, the island
of Hvar has 2.718 hours of sunshine annually,
while Dubrovnik has 2.584.
The needs of the
most demanding visitor will be satisfied in the
hotels, camping sites, marinas and private residences
by the intimate atmosphere of the fishing villages
and small harbours, the sport and the unique cuisine
and excellent wines, and in the continental part
by the countryside, hunting and fishing. The various
cultural and sporting events, together with the
sincerity and hospitality of the Croatian people
will make a visit to a Croatia unforgettable experience.
Accommodation: Croatia offers accommodation
in numerous hotels, tourist complexes, private
accommodation and camping grounds.
Naturism: There
are numerous well-established naturist camps.
There are also naturist beaches near some hotels
and camps.
Health tourism:
There are a large number of health spas sited
on thermal and mineral springs. Around Zagreb
there is Tuheljske Toplice, Krapinske Toplice,
Stubicke Toplice, Varaždinske Toplice, Ivanic
Grad (Naftalan) and Topusko. In Slavonia there
is Daruvar, Lipik and Bizovac. On the coast there
is Vela Luka, Šibenik, Duga Uvala and the
Istrian spas. There is also thalassotherapy in
Opatija, Crikvenica, Veli Lošinj, Hvar and
Makarska.
Diving:
In Croatia there are over 120 diving centres.
Conference
tourism: Croatia has 75 fully equipped conference
halls. The largest conference centres in Croatia
include Zagreb, Opatija, Dubrovnik, Pula, Rovinj,
Cavtat, Porec, Brijuni, Crikvenica and the Plitvice
Lakes.
Hunting tourism:
There is a long tradition of hunting tourism in
Croatia, and there are a large number of hunting
resorts. In central Croatia and Slavonia one can
hunt deer, wild boar, martens, foxes, hares, pheasants,
wild geese and wild ducks. In Gorski kotar and
Lika there are also opportunities for bear hunting
and, in Dalmatia, chamois and mouflon.
Youth tourism:
There are youth hostels in Dubrovnik, Pula, Šibenik,
Zadar, Split, and Zagreb
Winter tourism:
There are three major ski resorts with many ski
lifts and ski runs: Medvednica near Zagreb, Platak
near Rijeka and Bjelolasica near Ogulin.
Sports tourism:
Most hotels and camps have tennis courts (ATP
tournament in Umag, WTA tournament in Bol), as
well as facilities for basketball and beach volleyball.
It is possible to rent boats, fishing and scuba-diving
equipment, and there are also scuba diving and
sailing schools. One can go rafting on the Dobra
and Cetina rivers, and white water rafting is
organised on the Kupa, Korana, Mrežnica,
Cetina and Una rivers.
Tourist information 0800 200 200
WEATHER IN CROATIA
Introduction
The fact that the north Adriatic almost touches
the Alps causes certain climatic differences between
the north and the south Adriatic coast. They are
not so visible during the summer, but in the winter
the weather pictures of the north and the south
are often very different. The borders between
the two faces of the same sea are very clear -
it's cape Ploca, known between the sailors as
Punta Planka, two miles south from Rogoznica,
on the rout to Šibenik on the way to Split.
Cyclones and
Anticyclones
Weather changes on the Adriatic dictates the changes
of cyclones and anticyclones over the middle and
South Europe. The usual travelling way of cyclones
over the Adriatic is from west to east. On their
front side they bring winds from the south with
warm and moist air, so the weather is cloudy and
rainy. Behind the cyclone with the growing of
anticyclone and it's spreading over the European
land through the east, the wind moves to the north-east
and brings cold and dry air, north-eastern wind
chases the clouds, which stabilizes the weather.
Until the arrival of the new cyclone the weather
stays sunny and calm, with a daily landward breeze
during the summer.
This rhythm of change is usual for the Adriatic,
and it differs only by how often and from where
do the cyclones come. In the summer they are rear
and they travel mostly north of Adriatic, in the
winter they are more powerful and dipper. They
travel one after the other from the Geneva Bay
and Triennia Sea, through south Italy over to
south Adriatic and further to the southeast.
The differences between summer and winter
In the Summer the differences between the north
and south are much smaller- both sides of the
Adriatic are combined into one climate territory
with a lot of warm and sunny days, high daily
temperatures which get softened by a pleasant
landward breeze, low percentage of humidity and
not to hot nights. The temperature of the sea
surface is between 24°C and 26°C on the
entire Adriatic.
At the end of the summer the differences between
the north and the south Adriatic become more noticeable
during the nights, while the daily temperatures
are pretty much the same. Colder nights soon lead
to differences in the sea temperatures. In the
beginning of September the sea starts to get colder.
On the north the sea temperature falls to 18°C
and more, but on the South it can still be 22°C.
The air temperature during the winter is different
as well. In the Trieste Bay and under the Velebit
the snow carried by a strong storm is not so rear,
while at the same time on Hvar, Vis and Korèula
the weather can be very pleasant. Especially during
the winter, cape Ploca proves to be worthy of
its name - the climate border - very often two
types of weather are fighting over it.
Temperatures
The warmest months are July and August when the
air temperature is between 25° C and 35°
C (77° F - 95° F) and the sea temperature
reaches up to 28° C (83° F). The rain
is very rare. This is the time when most of the
tourists come.
If you're for a quieter time at the beach and
not so many tourists, maybe June and September
are months for you. They are also very warm months
with average temperatures around 25° C (77°
F) and the sea surface temps between 20° C
and 25° C (68° F - 77° F).
Sunbathing and swimming is also possible in April,
May and October, but it really depends on the
weather and chances are that you'll get more sunshine
in the southern Adriatic. In that period expect
temperature between 15° C and 25° C (
59° F - 77° F) and the sea temperature
between 16 and 21° C (61 - 70° F). This
is a period with more rain and windy days.
The air temperature in winter months is between
5 and 10° C (41-50° F) and the sea temperature
are in average 12 ° C (54 ° C).
Sea changes,
current and waves
The changes of high and low tide in the Adriatic
are small and don't effect the safety of the sail.
On the south the difference between the tides
is rarely higher then 40cm, but as you approach
the North the amplitudes will become bigger -
around Istra and Trieste Bay the middle extreme
amplitude is almost 1m. During the long lasting
and strong south winds in some narrow canals and
bays the tide can grow so big that it can flood
over walls on the beaches in harbours. This is
very rear (more often in the winter), and it's
characteristic for the big and deep bays of the
south Adriatic. During south winds the tides are
usually higher, and during storms the sea is lower
than the average. The atmosphere pressure has
a big impact on them as well.
Sea currents are small, and present no problem
during the navigation. But you still have to keep
them in mind, especially in some narrow canals,
where they can get up to 4 knots of speed.
The waves in the Adriatic are not as high as the
ones in the oceans, but that does not mean that
they can't be unpleasant for smaller boats. The
south wind creates bigger waves then northeastern
wind (the biggest measured south wind wave was
10,8m, and the north-eastern 7,2m), but still
it would be wrong to presume how the south wind
waves are more dangerous because they are bigger.
On the contrary, northeastern wind waves are shorter
by half, but still shaped unsymmetrical, which
means that the boat will suffer more in the waves
of the northeastern wind. The landward wind waves
get pretty high on the South, it can get up to
4m of height.
The winds of the Adriatic
The entire east side of the Adriatic has it's
own weather changes, especially the winds. Since
the old days fisherman could read the small signs
of nature and know what the sky is preparing next.
That's why you cant make a mistake by asking a
fisherman what's the weather going to be like
in the evening or the next day and where is the
best place to anchor for the night.
North-eastern wind
As a cold wind, the north-eastern (in Croatia
called ''bura'') is blowing from the continent,
from the eastern side of the Adriatic towards
the open sea and brings bright weather. It starts
abruptly and blows in squalls toward the sea.
It is strongest in the Velebit Channel and the
Gulf of Trieste. In the summer blows as a local
wind and then lasts only a few days. In the winter
it may continue for six to fourteen days.
For smaller boats it can be very unpleasant. Without
it the Adriatic, especially the north part, would
be much more pleasant Rarely it blows more than
3 days. When it's local it can start and stop
within 24 hours, but if it's wide and continental
it can last the entire week, and in that period
it gets weaker or stronger a couple of times.
Sudden starting of the wind is one of its most
dangerous sides, especially for less experienced
sailors. At the coast it can easily reach 40 -
50 knots, during the winter even more. As it brings
cold and heavy air, it finds it's way towards
the sea through the mountains. That's why it's
best to hide from it in the bays underneath the
mountains.
The South wind
It is the warm wind from the southeast (in Croatia
called "jugo" or "sirocco")
it blows through the Adriatic, during the cyclone
it brings clouds and rain. The air pressure falls.
It develops slowly; usually you can notice it
two or three days before. As it blows through
the canal, it produces high, but long waves. It
usually lasts much longer than the north-eastern
wind, five to seven days. In the summer it may
appear as a local wind and is more frequent in
the southern part of the Adriatic. Between March
and June it blows in the north as well. During
the winter even longer. There are also, so-called
dry south winds, they last longer, do not bring
rain, but can be powerful as a storm.
Other winds
The north - western wind (in Croatia called "Maestral")
is a local wind, which blows from the sea, mostly
in the summer. It usually starts between 10 and
11 in the morning and reaches its greatest strength
between 2 and 3 in the afternoon to die down at
sunset. It brings good weather. It is usually
accompanied by white clouds.
The north-easterly wind (in Croatia called ''Burin'')
blows in the summer from the mainland.
The northerly wind (in Croatia called ''Tramontana'')
is a type of bora.
Another type of bora is the easterly wind ''Levante''.
From west blows ''Pulenat'' and from south-west
''Lebic''.
The landward
breeze
That's a good wind, friendly to sailors, and pretty
much to every one who enjoys the summer sea because
it softens the heat. It's a daily thermal northeast
wind. It's very usual from spring to fall, and
the strongest in July and August.
It usually starts around 9 or 10 in the morning.
It gets the most powerful in the afternoon, and
it ends with sunset.
It's usually weaker on the north Adriatic than
on the south, where in the canals between islands
it's force can get unpleasant for small boats.
Sudden storm (called "Nevere")
Next to the north-eastern the sudden storm on
the Adriatic is possibly the most unpleasant experience,
especially for small boats. They are thermal storms
that come speeding from the west, from the open
sea; they last short but have great force. They
are the most often in the summer, and they get
very powerful as fall comes.
On the smallest sign of the storm you should,
with no delay, take every precaution, because
the time is short. If there is any possibility
of getting away from it's way, you should. Before
the storm starts it's totally quiet, and often
in the last minutes before it breaks a breeze
blows, very shortly towards the storm - it makes
it impossible to hear the sounds of thunder, that's
why a lot of people where caught by the storm
totally unready.
Weather forecast
Forecasts giving the present state and likely
development of the weather are given in regular
bulletins or by radiotelephone.
Radio forecasts. These begin with a description
of the weather (i.e. wind 7 Bf freshening, sea
5 increasing, fog etc.); this is followed by the
general situation and forecast for the next 12
and 24 hours in the Adriatic and Otranto. Coastal
radio-stations RIJEKA RADIO, SPLIT RADIO, DUBROVNIK
RADIO give forecasts three times a day in the
national language followed by English. Other important
radio-stations are MALTA RADIO, TRIESTE RADIO
and the Italian RAI service.
Special warnings are transmitted as soon as storms
or other weather conditions are expected and these
are repeated following the next period of radio
silence.
The present situation and forecast can be provided
for smaller sections (sectors/quadrants) given
by name on separate map (index map).
The Croatian naval meteorological service divides
the Adriatic into northern, central and southern.
Weather (meteorological) bulletins provide weather
charts with meteorological tables for places on
the Croatian coast, details of synoptic situation,
weather forecasts. They may be obtained from harbour
master's offices or by NAVTEX (radio-telefax).
Maritime Meteorological Centre in Split provides
weather information over the telephone and radiotelephone.
Weather reports
Weather reports are broadcast on these channels
at the following times (UTC):
Rijeka Radio VHF (channel 24):0535, 1435, and
1935
Split Radio VHF (channels 07, 21, 23, 28):0545,
1245, and 1945
Dubrovnik Radio VHF (channels 04, 07):0625, 1320,
and 2120
DALMATIAN GASTRONOMIC
SPECIALITIES
Dalmatian cuisine,
due to its ingredients and preparation, meets
all medical and nutritional recommendations for
a healthy and well-balanced diet.
 Traditional
Dalmatian ingredients are various types of fish,
shells, crabs, octopus, squid, cattle-fish, olives,
olive oil, vegetables, wild herbs, almonds, figs,
grapes, honey, raisins and citrus fruits. Particularly
delicious are Dalmatian "prsut" - smoked
ham that is dried in the "bura" (north-eastern
wind), best served with sheep-cheese, and "janjetina
ispod peke" - lamb prepared in the traditional
way. Furthermore, Dalmatian wines, both red and
white, are a must with every meal and some of
them are among the world's top ten.
 Fish:
Fish is prepared in several ways. Fish "na
gradele" are grilled fish where particular
attention is paid to the type of wood used to
make the fire and to the adding of aromatic herbs.
The fish (the best are dentex and gilthead), cleaned,
salted and oiled, are grilled and basted with
rosemary soaked in olive oil. The grilled fish
are then covered with finely grated parsley, garlic
and oil, and is served with vegetables or salad.
Fish "na leso" are fish (the best are
grooper, dentex and hake) boiled in water containing
oil, wine vinegar, onions, laurel, peppercorn
and salt. This extremely light and low caloric
dish, ideal for supper, is served with boiled
potatoes, Swiss chard or cabbage salad.
 Scampi
and shells
Mussels, oysters and scampi are prepared "na
buzaru" in Dalmatia. They are placed in a
pot and covered with grated parsley, garlic, breadcrumbs,
salt, pepper, wine and oil. They are left on the
fire in their juices until their shells open.
They are served in their own juices with bread
or polenta.
Desserts
Dalmatian desserts are made with fruit, dried
figs, honey, raisins, almonds, eggs and liqueur.
Some of them, such as "rozata" and "fritule"
can only be found in Dalmatia. "Rozata"
is made with eggs, milk and caramel, and is very
popular in Southern Dalmatia. "Fritule"
are made with dough, raisins and liqueur, shaped
into plum-sized balls and fried in hot oil. "Krostule",
similar to "fritule", can be found on
certain islands. They are made with the same dough
but are formed into long strips by skilled cooks
and then fried in hot oil.
Wine
Dalmatian wines, known since ancient times, are
produced from autochthonous varieties of grapes.
A photograph of the picturesque vineyard close
to Primosten, where the autochthonous grape variety
used to produce the "Babic" red wine
grows, can be found in the lobby of the United
Nations building. In northern Dalmatia you will
be served "Babic", "Merlot"
and the rose "Opol" produced in Sibenik
vineyards. On the Peljesac peninsula, known for
its wines, you can taste.
CROATIAN HISTORY
7th C
The Avars and Slavs settle gradually on the territory
of Croatia. The Croats engage themselves in fighting
the Avarian dominance and after defeating them
settle on today's territories. In the early Middle
Ages, Croatia is under the rule of the Franks.
9th C
The age of Duke Trpimir (called dux Chroatorum)
and Duke Branimir, when Croatia becomes independent.
10th C
The age of King Tomislav when Croatia is very
strong. Stjepan Držislav is the first crowned
Croatian king.
11th C
The Trpimiroviæi dynasty dies out, and Croatian
kings come under the rule of Arpadovici, who introduce
the new ways of ruling (division into counties).
12th C
Mighty feudal families emerge (dukes of Krk, Vinodol,
Cetina Omiš...).
1242
The invasion of the Tartars, after which King
Bela IV began to establish free royal towns. Since
1260
Croatia is divided into two territories governed
by bans (Vice-Roys) (Slavonija and Croatia).
1409
Venice buys the rights on Dalmatia from Ladislav
of Naples for 100.000 ducats and rules over it
until 1797. The Turks devastate Croatia during
the 15th century. The division into two territories
is overcome by the unification of the Sabors (Parliaments)
of Croatia and Slavonia.
1593
The battle of Sisak is the turning point in fighting
against the Turks. The interior conflicts between
the Court and Croatian noblemen continue (the
deaths of Petar Zrinski and Frano Krsto Frankopan).
18th C
Croatia becomes administratively dependent on
Hungary. Dalmatia, Dubrovnik and Boka Kotorska
recognise the authority of Napoleon I for a short
time; they come under the authority of Austria
after 1813.
18th C
The time of Illyrian movement whose members advocate
a free use of the Croatian language. An increased
revival of national consciousness.
1848
The revolution led by the Croatian ban Josip Jelacic
has the aim to defend Croatian national interests.
1918
The Croatian Sabor proclaims the seceding from
the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and Croatia enters
the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
the same year. Istra, Rijeka and Zadar come under
Italian rule.
1939
The Autonomous Banovina of Croatia was created.
1941-1945
The Independent State of Croatia was created during
the Second World War which was dependent on the
nazi regimes of Italy and Germany. The anti-fascist
movement grows stronger and stronger. After the
war Croatia becomes one of the federal republics
within the renewed Yugoslavia under the rules
of the communists.
1990
After democratic elections Croatia leaves Yugoslavia
and proclaims its own independence and sovereignty.
At the same time a part of Serbian population
stirs up a rebellion, dictated form Belgrade,
which results in the aggression of the JNA and
Yugoslavia against Croatia.
1992
Croatia becomes the full member of the United
Nations.
1995
The Croatian territory is almost completely liberated.
1998
The sovereignty over the whole country, including
Eastern Slavonia, is established by a peaceful
reintegration.
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